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LPIC-1 Exam 101-500

1. Introduction to Linux
1.1 Linux Overview
1.1.1 Linux OS and Kernel
1.1.2 Open-Source
1.1.3 Unix-Like
1.1.4 Linux Distributions

2. Installing Linux OS
2.1 Overview
2.2 Creating a VM for Installing Linux
2.3 Installing Fedora 42 Server Edition
2.4 About Installing Linux in a Physical Computer
2.5 Connecting to the Pre-Configured Server1

3. Basic Information about Linux Filesystem
3.1 File Systems Overview
3.2 Characteristics of Linux File System
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2 Files representing Hardware Devices:
3.2.3 Files representing System Status and Settings
3.2.4 About inode numbers and inode table
3.2.5 Brief Comparison Between Different Filesystems
3.3 Single Root
3.4 Filesystem Hierarchy Structure (FHS) for Linux

4. File Operations and Management
4.1 Absolute Path Name & Relative Path Name
4.2 Common File Operations
4.2.1 Copying and Removing Files
4.2.2 Moving Files
4.2.3 Renaming Files
4.3 Common Directory Operations
4.4 Files / Directories with Special Characters
4.5 Filesystem Links
4.5.1 Overview
4.5.2 More About Hard Links
4.5.3 More About Symbolic Links

5. Filesystem Security
5.1 Filesystem Security Overview
5.2 Configuring File Permission
5.2.1 Creating User Account and Group Account
5.2.2 Accessing Multiple Linux TTY Consoles
5.2.3 Installing the Text Editor ¡§nano¡¨
5.2.4 Read and Write Permissions
5.2.5 Traditional Way for Setting Permission
5.2.6 The Super User
5.2.7 The Execute ¡§x¡¨ Permission
5.2.8 Default Fle Creation Mask
5.2.9 Changing Ownership
5.3 Permission For Directory
5.3.1 Read and Write Permission
5.3.2 Execute Permission
5.4 Permission For Links
5.4.1 Permission for Symbolic Link
5.4.2 Permission for Hard Link
5.5 Special Attributes / Permission Flags
5.5.1 Set-User-ID (SUID) bit
5.5.2 Set-Group-ID (SGID) bit
5.5.3 The Sticky bit
5.6 Other Mechanisms for Access Control (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
5.6.1 About POSIX Access Control Lists (ACLs)
5.6.2 About SELinux
5.6.3 About File Attributes

6. Booting Into Linux System
6.1 Basic Booting Sequence
6.2 Boot Loader Overview
6.2.1 Old Boot Loader Program used in DOS (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
6.2.2 LILO (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
6.2.3 GRUB
6.2.4 Linux Boot Partition
6.3 GRUB 2
6.3.1 Overview
6.3.2 Using GRUB Menu and CLI
6.3.3 GRUB2 Booting Process and Common Problems
6.4 Rescue Tool in Installation Disk (°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ)
6.5 BIOS and UEFI
6.5.1 Overview
6.5.2 Booting with UEFI

7. Init System
7.1 Linux Init System Overview
7.2 Sys-V Init
7.2.1 Runlevels
7.2.2 inittab
7.2.3 Scripts for Runlevels
7.2.4 Changing Runlevel
7.2.5 Booting Directly into Single User Mode
7.3 Upstart
7.4 systemd
7.4.1 Overview
7.4.2 Unit Files
7.4.3 Runlevel Targets
7.4.4 Other System Settings:
7.4.5 Emergency Target (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
7.5 Skipping init system / Password Recovery (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
7.6 Brief Summary for Different Init System
7.6.1 Controlling Daemon Services
7.6.2 Location of init.d Script or Unit Files
7.6.3 Change Settings Related to Init System

8. Linux Shells
8.1 Overview
8.2 Shell Variables
8.2.1 Local Variables
8.2.2 Environment Variables
8.2.3 Built-in Variables
8.3 Shell Options
8.4 Shell Internal Commands and their Manual Page
8.4.1 About Shell Internal Commands
8.4.2 Manual Page
8.4.3 Manual Page for Bash Shell and its Internal Commands
8.5 Shell Alias (§O¦W) and Functions
8.5.1 Alias
8.5.2 Function
8.6 Bash Profile and Initialization Files
8.7 issue and motd
8.8 GNU Readline Library (°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ)
8.9 I/O Redirection and Pipe
8.9.1 I/O Redirection
8.9.2 Using Pipes

9. GNU and Unix Commands
9.1 less
9.2 grep
9.2.1 Basic Usage
9.2.2 Basic Regular Expression (BRE)
9.2.3 Extended grep
9.3 head and tail
9.4 wc
9.5 uniq
9.6 sort
9.6.1 Simple Sorting
9.6.2 Sorting with Special Actions / Specific Output
9.6.3 Sorting based on Fields
9.7 cut
9.8 split
9.8.1 Basic Splitting
9.8.2 Custom Suffix for Splitted Files
9.8.3 Combining Splitted Files
9.9 sed
9.10 diff
9.11 find
9.12 xargs
9.13 tr
9.14 tee
9.15 awk / gawk
9.16 printf
9.17 Commands for File Compression
9.17.1 gzip
9.17.2 bzip2
9.17.3 xz
9.18 Commands for File Archiving
9.18.1 tar
9.18.2 cpio
9.19 Binaries for Bash Built-In Commands (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
9.20 Using Linux Commands in Windows (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
9.20.1 Win32 GNU Commands
9.20.2 Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

10. Vi Text Editor
10.1 Overview
10.2 Vi Modes
10.3 Vi Commands in Command Mode
10.3.1 Navigation Commands
10.3.2 Editing Commands
10.4 Vi Commands in Command-line Mode
10.4.1 Navigation
10.4.2 Commands for Searching
10.4.3 Editor Options
10.4.4 Search and Replace
10.4.5 File Operation Commands
10.4.6 Running External Commands
10.4.7 Showing Help File

11. Process Management
11.1 Process Overview
11.2 Process Information from /proc
11.3 Commands for Obtaining Process Information
11.3.1 top
11.3.2 ps
11.4 Alternate Ways to Run a Program
11.4.1 exec
11.4.2 Background Jobs
11.5 Managing Process Through Signals
11.6 Process Priority
11.6.1 Dynamic Priority
11.6.2 Static Priority / Nice Value

12. Filesystem Management
12.1 Partitions
12.1.1 Creating a Partition
12.1.2 Partitioning for MBR Disk
12.1.3 Partitioning for GUID Disk
12.1.4 Information Required for Creating a Partition
12.2 Filesystems
12.2.1 Making a Filesystem
12.2.2 Maintaining a Filesystem
12.2.3 Filesystem Checking and Repairing
12.3 Mounting
12.3.1 Mounting Filesystem Manually
12.3.2 Un-Mounting Filesystem Manually
12.3.3 /etc/fstab
12.4 Brief Notes about LVM

13. Virtual Memory and Swap Partition
13.1 About Virtual Memory
13.2 Monitoring Physical Memory / Swap Space
13.2.1 Physical Memory / Swap Space Usage
13.2.2 Swap Space Usage
13.3 Creating / Managing Swap Space
13.3.1 Swap Partition
13.3.2 Swap File
13.3.3 zram

14. Libraries, Modules and Devices
14.1 Libraries
14.1.1 Overview
14.1.2 Library Path
14.2 Modules
14.3 Device Files
14.3.1 Tools for Checking Hardware and Resources
14.3.2 /sys
14.3.3 /dev

15. Pre-compiled Packages
15.1 Overview
15.2 RPM Packages
15.2.1 Obtaining RPM Packages
15.2.2 Installing / Upgrading and Uninstalling a RPM Package
15.2.3 Querying RPM Packages
15.2.4 Verifying Files Installed from RPM Packages
15.2.5 Install / Upgrade through Repositories
15.3 Debian Packages

LPIC-1 Exam 102-500

1. Shell Scripting
1.1 Overview
1.2 Basic Elements
1.3 Permission Settings Required for Shell Script
1.4 Accepting Parameters and User Input
1.4.1 Parameters
1.4.2 User Inputs
1.5 Flow Controls and Conditions
1.5.1 Common Flow Controls
1.5.2 Conditions

2. User and Group Management
2.1 Groups
2.1.1 Overview
2.1.2 Managing Group
2.1.3 Group Membership
2.2 Users
2.2.1 Overview
2.2.2 Adding User
2.2.3 Modifying User
2.2.4 Deleting User
2.2.5 Managing Users¡¦ Password
2.2.6 User Account Locking
2.2.7 User Account Expiry
2.2.8 About Login Shell / Program
2.3 The Super User
2.3.1 UID 0
2.3.2 su
2.3.3 sudo
2.4 Limiting Resources

3. Linux Scheduled Jobs
3.1 Cron Daemon
3.1.1 Overview-
3.1.2 Configuring System Cron Job
3.1.3 Configuring User¡¦s Cron Job
3.2 Anacron (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
3.3 Systemd Timer
3.4 at Daemon
3.5 systemd-run (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)

4. Logging
4.1 Overview
4.2 syslog
4.2.1 Background
4.2.2 syslogd / rsyslog Configuration
4.3 Systemd Journal
4.3.1 Overview
4.3.2 Viewing Journal Log Files
4.3.3 Managing Journal Files
4.3.4 Integrating with syslog
4.4 logrotate
4.5 Other System Log Files
4.5.1 /var/log/dmesg
4.5.2 Logging Files for User Log-in / Log-out
4.5.3 SELinux Logging Files

5. Networking Basics
5.1 TCP/IP Networking
5.1.1 Overview
5.1.2 IPv4 Addressing
5.1.3 IPv6 Addressing
5.1.4 TCP / UDP
5.1.5 DNS
5.1.6 TCP/IP Settings
5.2 Examining Network Settings
5.2.1 IP Address and Network Mask
5.2.2 Default Gateway / Routing Table
5.2.3 Hosts File and DNS Settings
5.3 Configuring Network Settings
5.3.1 Through Network Scripts
5.3.2 Through Network Manager
5.3.3 Through NetPlan
5.4 Troubleshooting Network Connectivity
5.4.1 Basic Checking
5.4.2 ping
5.4.3 traceroute
5.4.4 nslookup / dig
5.4.5 netcat
5.4.6 netstat / ss

6. Networking Services
6.1 SSH
6.1.1 Overview
6.1.2 Server / User Authentication
6.1.3 SSH Daemon Configuration
6.1.4 SSH Client Configuration
6.2 Brief Introduction to CUPS
6.2.1 Overview
6.2.2 Connecting a Printer
6.2.3 Managing Setting up in CUPS
6.2.4 Commands for Printing and Managing Jobs
6.3 xinetd, TCP Wrappers and Systemd Socket
6.3.1 xinetd
6.3.2 TCP Wrappers
6.3.3 Systemd Socket (used by Fedora 42)
6.3.4 inetutils-inetd (used by Ubuntu 24)
6.4 Sendmail
6.4.1 Mail System Background
6.4.2 Aliases and Mail Forwarding
6.4.3 Installing and Configuring Sendmail

7. Datetime and Locale
7.1 Datetime
7.1.1 Overview
7.1.2 System Clock
7.1.3 Timezone
7.1.4 Datetime Synchronization
7.1.5 systemd-timedated and timedatectl
7.2 Locale

8. X Window System
8.1 Overview
8.2 Components in X Window System
8.2.1 X Server
8.2.2 Window Managers
8.2.3 Desktop Environment
8.2.4 Display Manager
8.2.5 Other Components
8.3 Accessibility
8.4 Remote Access
8.4.1 Through Remote Desktop Sessions
8.4.2 Through X Protocol
8.5 Brief Introduction to Wayland (°Ñ¦Ò³¹¸`)
8.5.1 Overview
8.5.2 Components in Wayland
8.6 $DISPLAY
8.6.1 Overview
8.6.2 Accepting Display from a Remote X Client Program
8.6.3 SSH X11 Forwarding


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