CWNA (Wireless) 國際認可證書課程 (CWNA-109)
課程簡稱：CWNA Training Course

網絡應用的發展，已進入流動化階段，不少的超級市場、食肆、街舖及商店，早已把他們的銷售系統流動化以達到最大效益。 因此，為數不少的商業機構除建立及維護傳統的有線網絡 (Wired Network) 之外，還有極大的需求去架設無線網絡 (Wireless Network)。 I.T. 業者應趕緊了解並應用無線網絡技術，增強您的商業營運能力。

CWNP (Certified Wireless Network Professional) 是世界頂尖的無線通訊 (RF) 及無線網絡 (Wireless Network) 學術評審機構。

CWNP 機構現提供以下不同程度的無線網絡認證：

入門級別：CWS - Certified Wireless Specialist

中階級別：CWNA - Certified Wireless Network Administrator

高階級別：CWNE - Certified Wireless Network Expert

以下國際知名的商業機構要求每一位 I.T. 從業員必須考得由 CWNP 機構簽發的國際認可證書：

由此可見CWNP機構在無線通訊領域舉足輕重的地位。

CWNA 是中立的認證，其考試內容均以國際認可標準機構 IEEE Standards Association 所訂明的標準為依歸，即該考試內容不謹限於某一網絡器材製造商。

CWNA Certificate Sample

在 CWNA 課程內，你將獲得無線網絡勘測 (Surveying)，安裝 (Deployment) 及管理 (Administering) 等理論與技術。

本中心推出的 CWNA (Wireless) 國際認可證書課程由 Larry Chan 籌備多時，精心編排。由上堂、溫習、實習、考試研習、做試題至最後考試，均為你度身訂造，作出有系統的編排。務求真正教識你，又令你考試及格。

本中心為 CWNP 指定的考試試場。報考時請致電本中心，登記欲報考之科目考試編號、考試日期及時間 (最快可即日報考)。臨考試前要出示身份證及繳付每科 HK$2,665 之考試費。

考試題目由澳洲考試中心傳送到你要應考的電腦，考試時以電腦作答。所有考試題目均為英文，而大多數的考試題目為單項及多項選擇題，其餘則為實戰題。作答完成後會立即出現合格的要求分數及你的分數，結果即考即知！

考試合格後會收到來自 CWNP 機構的作實電郵。

考試不合格便可重新報考，不限次數。欲知道作答時間、題目總數、合格分數等詳細考試資料，可瀏覽本中心網頁 "各科考試分數資料"。

1. Overview of Wireless Standards and Fundamentals
1.1 History of WLAN
1.2 Standards Organizations
1.3 Core, Distribution and Access
1.4 Communication Fundamentals
1.5 Understanding Keying Methods

2. Radio Frequency Fundamentals
2.1 Definition of Radio Frequency (RF) signal
2.2 Radio Frequency Characteristics
2.3 Radio Frequency Behaviors
2.4 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)
2.5 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)

3. Radio Frequency Components, Measurements and Math
3.1 RF Components
3.2 Units of Power and Comparison
3.3 RF Mathematics
3.4 Link Budget
3.5 Fade Margin / System Operating Margin

4. Radio Frequency Signal and Antenna Concepts
4.1 Active and Passive Gain
4.2 Azimuth and Elevation Charts
4.3 Interpreting Polar Charts
4.4 Beamwidth
4.5 Antenna Types

5. IEEE 802.11 Standards
5.1 Overview of the IEEE 802.11 Standard
5.2 IEEE 802.11 Ratified Amendments
5.3 IEEE Standard 802.11 - 2012
5.4 Post-2012 Ratified Amendments and 802.11ac

6. Wireless Networks and Spread Spectrum Technologies
6.1 Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) Bands
6.2 Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII) Bands
6.3 Narrowband and Spread Spectrum
6.4 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
6.5 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
6.6 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
6.7 2.4 GHz Channels
6.8 5 GHz Channels
6.9 Adjacent, Nonadjacent and Overlapping Channels
6.10 Throughput vs. Bandwidth
6.11 Communication Resilience

7. Wireless LAN Topologies
7.1 Wireless Networking Topologies
7.2 Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)
7.3 Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)
7.4 Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
7.5 802.11 Topologies
7.6 802.11 Configuration Modes

8. 802.11 Medium Access
8.1 CSMA/CA vs CSMA/CD
8.2 Collision Detection
8.3 Distributed Coordination Function
8.4 Point Coordination Function
8.5 Hybrid Coordination Function
8.6 Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA)
8.7 HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA)
8.8 Block Acknowledgement
8.9 Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM)

9. 802.11 MAC Architecture
9.1 Packets, Frames, and Bits
9.2 Data Link Layer
9.3 Physical Layer
9.4 802.11 and 802.3 Interoperability
9.5 Three 802.11 Frame Type
9.6 Beacon Management Frame
9.7 Passive Scanning
9.8 Active Scanning
9.9 Authentication
9.10 Association
9.11 Authentication and Association States
9.12 Basic and Supported Rates
9.13 Roaming
9.14 Reassociation
9.15 Disassociation notification and Deauthentication notification
9.16 ACK Frame
9.17 Fragmentation
9.18 Protection Mechanism
9.19 RTS/CTS
9.20 CTS-to-self
9.21 Data Frames
9.22 Power Management

10. Wireless Devices
10.1 Wireless LAN Client Devices
10.2 Progression of WLAN Architecture
10.3 Centralized WLAN Architecture
10.4 More about Wireless Lan Controller
10.5 Split MAC
10.6 Controller Data Forwarding Models
10.7 Remote Office WLAN Controller
10.8 Distributed WLAN Architecture
10.9 Specialty WLAN Infrastructure

11. WLAN Troubleshooting
11.1 Layer 2 Retransmissions
11.2 RF Interference
11.3 Multipath
11.4 Adjacent (相鄰) Channel Interference
11.5 Low SNR
11.6 Mismatched Power Settings
11.7 Near / Far
11.8 Hidden Node
11.9 Coverage Considerations
11.10 Dynamic Rate Switching
11.11 Layer 2 Roaming
11.12 Layer 3 Roaming
11.13 Co-Channel Interference
11.14 Channel Reuse/Multiple Channel Architecture
11.15 Single Channel Architecture
11.16 Capacity v.s. Coverage
11.17 Oversized Coverage Cells
11.18 Physical Environment
11.19 Voice v.s. Data
11.20 Performance
11.21 Weather
11.22 Summary

12. High Throughput (HT) and 802.11n (WI-FI 4)
12.1 802.11n-2009 Amendment
12.2 Wi-Fi Alliance Certification
12.3 MIMO
12.4 Radio Chains
12.5 Spatial Multiplexing
12.6 Transmit Beamforming (TxBF)
12.7 HT Channels
12.8 HT MAC
12.9 HT Operation

13. Very High Throughput (VHT) and 802.11ac (WI-FI 5)
13.1 802.11ac-2013 Amendment
13.2 5 GHZ Band Only
13.3 20 to 160 MHz Channels
13.4 256-QAM Modulation
13.5 Modulation Coding Schemes (MCS)
13.6 802.11ac VHT Data Rates
13.7 802.11ac VHT MAC
13.8 VHT A-MPDU
13.9 VHT RTS/CTS
13.10 VHT Beamforming
13.11 VHT Explicit Beamforming
13.12 VHT Multi-User MIMO
13.13 VHT Multiuser Beamforming
13.14 Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11ac Certification

14. High Efficiency (HE-OFDMA) and 802.11ax (WI-FI 6/6E)
14.1 802.11ax-2021 Amendment
14.2 2.4/5/6 GHz channels (HE Physicals) and DFS
14.3 Sub-1-GHz channels and TV White Space (TVHT) Alternate Physicals
14.4 Higher-order 1024-QAM Modulation
14.5 OFDMA
14.6 Downlink (DL-MU-MIMO) and Uplink MU-MIMO (UL-MU-MIMO)
14.7 Target Wake Time (TWT) and IoT devices
14.8 BSS Coloring
14.9 PoE for 802.11ax
14.10 Backhauling technology for 802.11ax
14.11 WPA3-Personal and Enterprise security enhancements
14.12 WPA3 SAE Exchange and Transition Mode

The course content above may change at any time without notice in order to better reflect the content of examination.